Public Law
Morvarid Ahouri; Mohammad Hashemi; Maghsood Ranjbar
Abstract
The approach of liberal and Marxist thinkers as the two dominant ideas in the twentieth century on the subject of freedom, shows their worldview on the issue of freedom and fundamental rights of individuals. The question is which liberal theories and Marxists hold on to the concept of freedom, based ...
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The approach of liberal and Marxist thinkers as the two dominant ideas in the twentieth century on the subject of freedom, shows their worldview on the issue of freedom and fundamental rights of individuals. The question is which liberal theories and Marxists hold on to the concept of freedom, based on historical experience gained over the past century, their view of the individual rights and freedoms of their citizens, and the recognition of these rights and freedoms in practice to date. Are the limits different from each other ?! What liberals view, in Berlin's view, is a negative conception of freedom, while Marxists view the conception of the idea of freedom as a positive conception of freedom. that what guarantees the free will of individuals and their fundamental rights is a negative perception of freedom, and a positive interpretation of freedom can lead to the denial of free will and ultimately tyranny. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to study, compare and determine the status of freedom (especially the common interpretation of it, ie negative freedom and positive freedom) in comparison with the principles and rules governing the two political ideas of liberalism and Marxism.
Keivan Eghbali; Sattar Azizi
Abstract
The right to development is an approach to development of human societies in which human rights are considered and economic development approach fundamentally integrates within the human rights approach to development. Achieving to this in any society requires that status of those groups that seems to ...
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The right to development is an approach to development of human societies in which human rights are considered and economic development approach fundamentally integrates within the human rights approach to development. Achieving to this in any society requires that status of those groups that seems to be under discrimination, including women, is considered. In this regard, it seems that one of the most effective solutions is to provide the possibility of Equal and perfect participation of women in all levels of decision-making related to various political, economic, social and cultural development of the society. The solution that in the present study will be evaluated by descriptive-analytical method. By realization of women's Equal and perfect public participation, they can participate in decision-making of the society about various aspects of development that make an opportunity for attention to demands of women in these decisions. As the result, the way to ensure attention to women's needs and human rights in the development process will be prepared, the path that will ultimately lead to the realization of women's right to development, which means a guided development for women's enjoyment from achievements of development and their access to the human rights
