Public Law
Fardin Moradkhani
Abstract
Constitutional law is one of the most important fields of legal knowledge and its close connection with political science has led thinkers in the other fields of humanities to discuss the concepts and principles of this knowledge. Max Weber, one of the most important thinkers of recent centuries, has ...
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Constitutional law is one of the most important fields of legal knowledge and its close connection with political science has led thinkers in the other fields of humanities to discuss the concepts and principles of this knowledge. Max Weber, one of the most important thinkers of recent centuries, has carefully reflected upon the knowledge of law, especially Constitutional law. He lived in a turbulent time and witnessed the rise of Germany as well as its decline. In the midst of World War I, Weber addressed Constitutional law issues and provided analyses in this regard and later played a vital role in drafting the Weimar Constitution. He was a supporter of the presidentialism and the extraordinary powers of the president, which were enshrined in the Weimar Constitution and later created many problems. This article aims to examine Weber's theory of Constitutional law and to explain his outlook and interpretation towards issues such as the president, parliament, and democracy
Hamid Mohammadi
Abstract
The criminal responsibility resulting from other’s behavior has been recently constituted in Iranian criminal system which has been ratified in the Article 142 of the Islamic Penal Code on April 21, 2013. Thereby, such a responsibility has been based on the letter of law. In Iranian criminal system, ...
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The criminal responsibility resulting from other’s behavior has been recently constituted in Iranian criminal system which has been ratified in the Article 142 of the Islamic Penal Code on April 21, 2013. Thereby, such a responsibility has been based on the letter of law. In Iranian criminal system, paying the blood money (diya) is one of the penalties. Therefore, it can be said that rational responsibility, crime responsibility guarantee for the other party, responsibility of the State and responsibility of the government in paying the blood money and compensating damages out of the treasury to the victim are the types of responsibilities resulting from other’s behavior regardless of the fact that such responsibilities are seemingly of civil nature. What is being discussed in the article is whether, regarding the Islamic nature of the ruling system in Iran and the matter of facts and the history of government in Islam and the spirit of the principles of the Constitution and the teachings of public law, and indeed in these cases, is the responsibility with the State or the government?
Majid Najarzadeh Hanjani
Abstract
Since the beginning of its theory, the public services faced with conceptual ambiguity and its substantive diagnostic criteria, at least in practice, has not been clear. The privatization of public services and undermining the criterion of "government intervention" and "public interest purpose" added ...
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Since the beginning of its theory, the public services faced with conceptual ambiguity and its substantive diagnostic criteria, at least in practice, has not been clear. The privatization of public services and undermining the criterion of "government intervention" and "public interest purpose" added to the existing ambiguity. In these circumstances, the public function doctrine, aimed at protecting the fundamental rights of citizens and their legitimate expectations and consolidation of state responsibility and prescription of regulatory in the market of public services was outlined and welcomed. According to this doctrine, apart from public services that are offered directly by the government, services that were previously provided by the government, but are now provided by the private sector, are also consideredaspublic services. This paper usingdescriptive and analyticalmethod, at first, analyzesverbalandsubstantiveconceptof public service, then reviews thecontentof public function doctrine and evolution of concept of public service and finally studiespurposes and effects ofadoption of public function doctrine.
