Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Ph.D. Student, International Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of International Law, Central Tehran Branch Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Measures taken by governments during armed conflict to safeguard their essential interests sometimes cause damages to foreign investors. The investors thus affected seek remedies in the arbitration tribunals invoking breach of host government obligations to protect investments. The host government also usually attempts to assert as defense non-precluded measures to prove its irresponsibility, or if it proves responsible, justify it by resorting to circumstances precluding wrongfulness in the customary international law. But since different courts do not consider the same requirements to invoke these rules, there is no certainty that the parties to the lawsuit will be able to invoke them and, as a result, the scope of government's obligations to protect the foreign investor during the armed conflict is obscure. To clarify the scope of the host government's obligations to protect the foreign investor during armed conflicts and balance the interests of the investor and the host government during the investment disputes arising from the armed conflict, this article explores the possibility and requirements of invoking circumstances precluding wrongfulness and non-precluded measures and the relationship between them.
Keywords
- دالزر، رودلف و شروئر، کریستف، اصول حقوق بین‌الملل و سرمایه‌گذاری، ترجمۀ سید قاسم زمانی و به‌آذین حسیبی (تهران: موسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های حقوقی شهر دانش، 1395).
- عسکری، پوریا، حقوق سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی در رویه داوری بین‌المللی (تهران: موسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های حقوقی شهر دانش، 1394).
مقاله‌ها
- رئیسی، لیلا و همکاران، «معاذیر رافع وصف متخلفانه اعمال متخلفانه سازمان‌های بین‌المللی در پرتو طرح کمیسیون حقوق بین‌الملل»، فصلنامه تحقیقات حقوقی بین‌المللی، دوره 8، شماره 30، (1395).
- زمانی، سید قاسم و همکاران، «ضرورت نظامی بعنوان یک استثنا در حقوق درگیری‌های مسلحانه»، فصلنامۀ مطالعات حقوق عمومی، دورۀ 49، شمارۀ 3، (1398).
- شیروی، عبدالحسین و پوراسماعیلی، علیرضا، «امنیت ملی در حقوق سرمایه‌گذاری»، فصلنامه حقوق، مجله دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دوره 43، شماره 3، (1392).
- مؤمنی‌راد، احمد و قاسم‌زاده، مجید، «بحران اقتصادی جهانی، اقدامات اضطراری دولت‌ها در مواجهه با بحران و راهکارهای حل‌وفصل اختلافات بین‌المللی سرمایه‌گذاری ناشی از آن»، فصلنامه مطالعات حقوق عمومی، دوره 45، شماره 1، (1394).
- میرعباسی، سید باقر و سیاوش پور، حمیدرضا، «حمایت دیپلماتیک در چارچوب معاهدات بین‌المللی سرمایه‌گذاری»، فصلنامۀ مطالعات حقوق عمومی، دوره 49، شماره 4، (1398).
- ناصری لاریجانی، نغمه، «تعامل میان حقوق معاهدات و حقوق مسئولیت بین‌المللی در توجیه عدم ایفای تعهدات بین‌المللی»، مجله حقوقی بین حقوقی بین‌المللی، نشریه مرکز امور بین‌المللی ریاست جمهوری، سال بیست و هفتم، شماره 42، (1389).
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