The use of instruments of restraint to control dangerous inmates or as a precaution against escape has raised concerns about respecting their inherent human dignity. By establishing a general standard for the prohibition of inherently painful or humiliating restraining instruments, the Nelson Mandela Rules and other human rights-protecting documents have established restrictions and considerations regarding the type of instrument and how it is used, particularly for vulnerable groups. Using library and documentary sources, this study aims to assess the circumstances in which the use of instruments of restraint may result in inhumane or even torture. It also seeks to determine the boundary between acceptable and unacceptable use of restraint tools. And how well do Iran's laws and regulations comply with international human rights norms? The findings of this research show that Iran's criminal system has taken into account the main considerations and practical criteria for respecting the human rights of prisoners. However, it is essential to consider measures that restrict the use of restraints. These include prohibiting inherently painful or degrading restraint instruments, banning handcuffs for inmates under 18 within correctional facilities, and forbidding restraint instruments on women during childbirth and thereafter, as well as on patients during surgical procedures.
Shafiee,S . (2026). Instruments of restraint; authorization or prohibition? assessment of Iran's laws in view of international human rights norms. (e20972). Public Law Researsh, (), e20972 doi: 10.22054/qjpl.2026.82509.3050
MLA
Shafiee,S . "Instruments of restraint; authorization or prohibition? assessment of Iran's laws in view of international human rights norms" .e20972 , Public Law Researsh, , , 2026, e20972. doi: 10.22054/qjpl.2026.82509.3050
HARVARD
Shafiee S. (2026). 'Instruments of restraint; authorization or prohibition? assessment of Iran's laws in view of international human rights norms', Public Law Researsh, (), e20972. doi: 10.22054/qjpl.2026.82509.3050
CHICAGO
S Shafiee, "Instruments of restraint; authorization or prohibition? assessment of Iran's laws in view of international human rights norms," Public Law Researsh, (2026): e20972, doi: 10.22054/qjpl.2026.82509.3050
VANCOUVER
Shafiee S. Instruments of restraint; authorization or prohibition? assessment of Iran's laws in view of international human rights norms. Public Law Researsh. 2026;():e20972 (In Persian). doi: 10.22054/qjpl.2026.82509.3050
