Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 public law department, law faculty of Shahid Beheshti University

2 Shahid Beheshti University

Abstract

Public law as a discipline of legal science which considers public matters –in confront with private matter, is established in ancient Rome and influenced deeply the European history. In the first step, its basic concepts, such as Imperium and Jurisdictio, and its outlook toward the relation of power and law, gave way to the concept of sovereignty as a monopoly of approving, changing and abolishing of statutes. It leads to the establishment of authoritative governments. In the second step, it provides the proponents of absolutism with legal arguments against their traditional and new rivals. At the end, it were the constitutionalists who promote Roman law with some principle of roman private and corporate law and reinterpretation of old concepts in shadow of new needs of era to apply them against their oponents. Finally, these disputes resulted in our understanding of modern state and representation and Roman law, despite to its flexibility, leaved its lasting impression, i. e. formulation of political conflicts in the legal language.

Keywords

الف-  فارسی
کتاب‌ها
-           تیرنی، بریان، (1393)، دین قانون و پیدایش فکر مشروطه، حسین بادامچی و محمد راسخ، چاپ اول، تهران: نگاه معاصر.
-           زلر، الیزابت، (1391)، درآمدی بر حقوق عمومی (مطالعه تطبیقی بنیادهای حقوق عمومی آلمان، فرانسه، انگلستان و آمریکا)، ترجمه سید مجتبی واعظی، چاپ اول، تهران: انتشارات جنگل.
-           کلی، جان، (1383)، تاریخ مختصر تئوری حقوقی در غرب، ترجمه محمد راسخ، چاپ اول، تهران: انتشارات طرح نو.
 
مقالات
-           دیزپیکازو، لوییز ماریا، (1386)، «سیر دگرگونی مفهوم قانون در حقوق غرب»، ترجمه محمد رضا ویژه، مجله تخصصی الهیات و حقوقی، شماره 23.
 
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