Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
LLM student in international public law
Abstract
Historically, the framework for the Global Compact on Migration is founded in UN development, in particular Goal 10.7 of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The Global Compact on Migration (2018) as the first attempt to provide international migration governance with a comprehensive framework seeks to introduce correctives hereto, and facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well managed migration policies. It insists on realigning state practices with internationally agreed standards. This paper seeks to explain the legal nature of the Compact and analyze the position of first and second generations of human rights in it, at the same time express the proponents and opponents view.s Finally, the main approach of this paper is that, although the compact is non-binding but the emphasis on the rules of different generations of human rights mentioned in other fundamental documents in the form of Global Compact has led to its customary provisions binding to States..
Keywords
منابع
کتاب‌ها
- سرفراز، فرشید، حقوق بشر مهاجران در نظام حقوق بین‌الملل (تهران: انتشارات مجد، 1394).
- ذاکریان، مهدی، مفاهیم کلیدی حقوق بشر بین‌المللی، چاپ سی و نهم (تهران: انتشارات گنج دانش،1383).
مقاله‌ها
- حبیب زاده، توکل و عطار، محمد صالح، «ارزیابی مفهوم حقوق نرم در نظام منابع حقوق بین‌الملل»، فصلنامه پژوهش‌های حقوق تطبیقی، دوره شانزدهم، شماره 2، (1391).
- رهامی، روح‌الله، «بررسی وظیفه دولت‌ها در حفظ امنیت فردی انسان‌ها»، فصلنامه پژوهش حقوق عمومی، سال پانزدهم، شماره 42، (1393).
- قاری سید فاطمی، سید محمد، «حق حیات»، مجله تحقیقات حقوقی، پاییز و زمستان، شماره 31-32، (1379).
- سرفراز، فرشید، «حقوق بشر بنیادین مهاجران در جهان معاصر»، مجله اطلاعات سیاسی _ اقتصادی، زمستان 1394، شماره 302، (1394).
References
Books
- Christine Chinkin, Normative Development in the International Legal System, In Dinah Shelton, ”Commitment and Compliance:The Role of Non-binding Norms in the International Legal System”, Part I )Oxford: Oxford University Press, Published New 2003).
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Articles
- Guild, Elspeth, ”The UN Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration: What Place for Human Rights?”, International Journal of Refugee Law, Vol. 30, No. 4, (2018).
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Internet Paper and Reports
- Alessandro Bufalini, ”The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration: What is its contribution to International Migration Law?“, Questions of internatuinal law, http://www.qil-qdi.org/the-global-compact-for-safe-orderly-and-regular-migration-what-is-its-contribution-to-international-migration-law/ Zoom -in 58, 5-24, Published on 30April, 2019 last Accessed 10 February 2020.
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International Instruments
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration , 10December 2018 with the adoption of the Global Compact by the majority of UN Member States at an Intergovernmental Conference in Marrakesh, Morocco, followed closely by formal endorsement by the UN General Assembly on 19December.
- The New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants, 19September 2016.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 10 December1948.
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 16December1966, entered into force 23March1976.
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- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 7 March1966, entered into force 4January1969.
- International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their FamiliesAdopted by General Assembly resolution 45/158 of 18 December1990.
- The European Convention on Human Rights formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms,1950,entered into force on 3September 1953.
- Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989,Entry into Force 2September 1990.
- Charter of the Organization of American States, “Protocol of Buenos Aires”, 27 February 1967.
- The Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights to ensure Economic Social and Cultural Rights (DESC), 14November1988 entery into force1999.
- The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights.
- UN General Assembly, Resolution, 63/184 Protection of Migrants, 63rd sees, March2009, https:// www. unescap. org/ sites/ default/ files/Reservation_Iran_IR.pdf, last Accessed 15November 2019.
- United Nations General Assembly, Report of the Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, in Human or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Juan E. Méndez UNGA Doc. A/HRC/28/65 (5March 2015).
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