Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Public Internaional Law, Allameh Tabatab'i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Allame Tabatabaei University
Abstract
Obviously, in all jurisdictions it is required for the people to observe the laws and regulations; however, at the same time they need to have convincing reasons to obey laws and regulation. Seeking their different interests, people sometimes may break laws. However, sometimes people believe that there are morally justifiable reasons to break laws. As a matter of fact, the research question of this paper is as follow: what is the nature of reasons that required people to observe the laws and regulations? Generally, natural lawyers stress on the strong relationships between law and morality and they stress on moral (Not legal) reasons. Despite that, as it will be shown, natural lawyers (Specially modern ones) and positivists have similar justification regarding the observing laws and regulations, in that both of them recognizing legal reasons for observing laws and regulations and denying the necessity and Sufficiency of moral reasons.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- ایروانی، شهینو آزادمنش، سعید، «تبیین مبانی فلسفی صیانت از قانون و بایستههای تربیتی آن از منظر افلاطون و کانت»، مجله فلسفه تربیت، شماره 3، (1396).
- حسینی، سیدمحمدو برهانی، محسن، «چرایی تبعیت از قانون»، نشریه پژوهشهای فلسفی- کلامی، شماره‌های 4-3، (1389).
- علمی، محمدکاظمو آزادمنش، سعید، «تبعیت از قانون به مثابه روشنگری از دیدگاه کانت و افلاطون»، نشریه جستارهایی در فلسفه و کلام، شماره 101، (1397).
References
Books
- Covell, Charles: The Defence of Natural Law: A Study of Ideas of Law and Justice in the Writings of Fuller, Oakeshot, Hayek, Dworkin, and Finnis (UK: The Macmillan Press, 1992).
- Dworkin, Ronald, Law’s Empire (London: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
- Finnis, John, Reflections and Responses, In J. Keown & R. P. George: Reason, Morality, and Law: The Philosophy of John Finnis (London: Oxford University Press, 2013).
- Finnis, John, Natural Law and Natural Rights (London: Oxford University Press, 2011).
- Fuller, Lon, The Morality of Law (London: Yale University Press, 1969).
- Finnis, John, Natural Law and Natural Rights (London: Oxford University Press, 2011).
- George, Robert, Making Men Moral (London: Oxford University Press, 1993).
- George, Robert, Natural Law Jurisprudence (London: Cambridge University Press, 2017).
- Greenawalt, Kent, Conflicts of Law and Morality (London: Oxford University Press, 1987).
- Horton, J,Political Obligation (London: Macmillan, 1992).
- Hart, H. L. A, The Concept of Law (London: Oxford University Press, 1996).
- Klokso, George, The Principle of Fairness and Political Obligation (USA: Rowman& Littlefield Publisher, 1992).
- Klokso, George, The Moral Obligation to Obey the Law (London: Routledge Publication, 2012).
- Locke, John, Two Treatises of Government (London: Cambridge University Press, 1988).
- Murphy, Mark, Natural Law in Jurisprudence and Politics (London: Cambridge University Press, 2006).
- McPherson, Thomas, Political Obligation (London: Routledge Publication, 1968).
- Nozick, Robert, Anarchy, State, and Utopia (London: Oxford University Press,1974).
- Simmons, A. J, Moral Principles and Political Obligations (London: Princeton University Press, 1979).
- Simmons, A. J, Associative Political Obligations (London: Oxford, 1996).
- Simmons, A. J & Christopher Heath Wellman, Is There a Duty to Obey the Law (London: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
Articles
- Anscombe, G. E. M, “Rules, Rights, and Promises” , Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 3, Issue. 1, (1987).
- Bix, Brian H, “Kelsen, Hart, and Legal Normativity”, Journal for Constitutional Theory and Philosophy of Law, 34, No. 1 (2018).
- Elmi, M. K& Azadmanesh. S, “Obedience to Law as Enlightenment from the Perspective of Kant and Plato”, Journal of Essays in Philosophy and Jurisprudence, No. 101, (2018). [In Persian]
- Hart, H. L. A, “Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals”,Harvard Law Review, Vol. 71, No. 4, (1958).
- Hoseini, M & Borhani, M, “Why Obey the Law?”, Philosophical-Theological Research Journal, No. 3-4, (2010). [In Persian]
- Irvani, SH & Azadmanesh, S, “Explaining the Philosophical Foundations of Protection from the Law and its Educational Requirements from the Perspective of Plato and Kant”, Journal of Philosophy of Education, No. 3, (2017). [In Persian]
- Moravetz, Thomas, “The Jurisprudence of Duty and Obedience”, Columbia Law Review, Vol. 88, No. 5, (1998).
- Pitkin, Hanna, “Obligation and Consent”, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 59, No. 4, (1965).
Raz, Joseph, “The Obligation to Obey: Revision and Tradition”, Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethic & Public Policy, Vol. 1, (2014).
)